Trade and Biodiversity

This thesis seeks to explore the relationship between trade and biodiversity in East Africa from 1990 to 2020. Trade was quantified using several indicators including Trade Volume, GDP per Capita, Population Density, Environmental Regulation, and Technological Development. On the other hand, biodiversity was assessed through measures such as Species Richness, Habitat Diversity, and Conservation Status. To achieve this objective, secondary data was gathered from reputable sources such as the World Bank, the East African Community (EAC), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The collected data was then analyzed using appropriate econometric models, including regression and correlation analyses. The findings from the correlation analysis indicate that Trade Volume, GDP per Capita, Population Density, and Technological Development have the potential to enhance biodiversity, though the influence of technological development is somewhat less pronounced compared to the other trade-related factors. Conversely, Environmental Regulation does not appear to have a significant impact on biodiversity enhancement. Based on the econometric results, the study concludes that GDP per Capita, Population Density, Environmental Regulation, and Technological Development are critical trade-related factors that can contribute to biodiversity development in East Africa. In light of these conclusions, the thesis offers practical recommendations to leverage these factors to improve trade and, consequently, enhance regional biodiversity.